Особливості становлення та розвитку медіацій у зарубіжних країнах з англосаксонською і романо-германською правовими системами

Abstract

Проаналізовано особливості етапів становлення та подальшого розвитку інституту медіації в зарубіжних країнах з англосаксонською і романо-германською правовими системами. На основі узагальнення провідних зарубіжних практик проведено короткий огляд професійної підготовки медіаторів у країнах із різними правовими сім’ями. Обґрунтовано доцільність упровадження зарубіжного досвіду розвинених країн у підготовку медіаторів в Україні. Зроблено висновок, що законодавче закріплення інституту медіації в Україні на прикладі розвинутих країн з англосаксонською і романо-германською правовими системами забезпечить швидке та ефективне позасудове вирішення спорів.

In the context of radical changes taking place in the field of jurisprudence, the topic of researching innovative forms of mediation, which has recently become a phenomenon of legal reality, becomes especially relevant. The scientific work is focused on studying the peculiarities of the formation and development of mediation in foreign countries with Anglo-Saxon and Romano-Germanic legal sys-tems, as well as the procedure for training professional mediators in these countries. According to the chosen topic, the purpose of this scientific article is to consider the modern system of training mediators in developed countries with different legal systems, their comparative analysis in the context of common methods and techniques of training mediators in the world practice, with fur-ther implementation of international experience of developed countries in Ukraine, as well as per-spectives for applying mediation as an independent way of resolving legal disputes in Ukraine. In accordance with the purpose and objectives of the research, the author of the scientific work has used a set of methods and techniques of scientific cognition, both general theoretical, spe-cial and scientific. Using the epistemological method of the research, the author has defined the essence of mediation as a separate alternative way of resolving disputes, which was initiated in the 60-70s of the XX century in the United States of America. Using the historical method, the author has studied the stages of development of mediation in foreign countries with Anglo-Saxon and Romano-Germanic legal systems. The comparative and legal method has been used to generalize international experience in the development of mediation and training of media-tors in Ukraine, to develop recommendations for the introduction of such experience in the ar-ea of alternative dispute resolution along with litigation. The peculiarities of the stages of the formation and further development of the institution of mediation in foreign countries with Anglo-Saxon and Romano-Germanic legal systems have been analyzed. Based on the generalization of leading international practices, the author has conducted a brief overview of the training of mediators in countries with different legal sys-tems. The expediency of introducing international experience of developed countries in the training of mediators in Ukraine has been substantiated. It has been concluded that the legisla-tive consolidation of the institution of mediation in Ukraine by the example of developed coun-tries with Anglo-Saxon and Romano-Germanic legal systems will provide rapid and cost-effective out-of-court settlement of disputes, as well as improve and simplify access to justice. It has been proved that on the basis of the model of mediation development in developed foreign countries, its introduction in Ukraine will allow to bring the provisions of national jus-tice closer to European standards; reduce state budget expenditures, as well as promote the development and enhancement of the legal culture of citizens.