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- ДокументCORRUPTION IN MEDICAL SPHERE OF UKRAINE: CURRENT SITUATION AND WAYS OF PREVENTION(Wiadomości Lekarskie, 2019) Batyrgareieva, Vladislava; Babenko, Andrii; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9498-2484; Kaija, SandraIntroduction: All social life spheres in Ukraine are influenced by corruption. Ukrainian citizens were inquired in order to determine corruption rate in various social spheres. It was conditioned by reforming criminal justice and administrative management, which is directed, particularly, for liquidation of corruption in the state. Special emphasize is stressed on corruption rate in the medical sphere. The aim of the article is to determine: 1) population’s attitude towards to corruption, in particular, in the medical sphere; 2) the most corruptive social spheres; 3) efficiency of anti-corruption measures; 4) readiness of population to participate into struggle with corruption. Materials and methods: The study is grounded on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic, sociological (special-purpose inquiry form, interview), statistic and comprehensive research methods. The study group consisted of 1 120 citizens and 513 medical and pharmaceutical professionals of Ukraine. Questions were related to: 1) citizens’ contact with corruption; 2) corruption expansion rate in state authorities, self-governing authorities, in various infrastructure spheres, particularly, in healthcare; 3) awareness about struggle with corruption in the state and in the region and determination of citizens’ readiness to cope with corruption. Results: Corruption contact level of citizens remains steadily high. Corruption in the medical sphere is the most widespread: during the previous year before the inquire 63% respondents were involved into corruptive schemes. Corruption in the medical sphere can be subdivided in the following levels: from patient to doctor; inside the hospital – from a healthcare institution employee to the executive hospital staff; on state level concerning state procurements of medications. A bribe to health care professionals was given for: receipt of a sick leave certificate and various references (for example, about unfitness for military service, fitness for driving a car or fulfillment of particular works); high-quality conduct of an operation, medical servicing rendering; writing out a “necessary” prescription; approval or hiding of any bodily injuries; falsification of a true cause of death. All health care professionals have come across different corruptive practices, among which the following payments are widespread: for employment in a hospital, license for private medical practice or establishment of private clinics, “avoidance” of checks of healthcare institutions’ activity. The largest bribes are given state officials for participation in tenders for medical drugs supply by pharmaceutical companies. All health care professionals have come across different corruptive practices, among which the following payments are widespread: for employment in a hospital, license for private medical practice or establishment of private clinics, “avoidance” of checks of healthcare institutions’ activity. Conclusion: Corruption on the sphere of medical practice is complex phenomenon. The conducted poll made it possible to structure the corruption problem, to see its various levels and levels. In respondents’ opinion, a scrupulous information campaign is a positive tendency: 45% consider this is a guarantee of anticorruption. Nevertheless, only 5% respondents assume personal notification of anticorruption bodies about receipt of a bribe by medical staff.
- ДокументObtaining the testimony of a minor during the pre-trial investigation under the laws of Ukraine(2021) Zarubei, Viktoriia; Komarynska, Yuliia; Babenko, Andrii; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9498-2484; Sukhomlyn, Yuliia; Kononenko, NataliiaThe scientific article, based on the provisions of the theory of criminal procedure, criminology, psychology, reveals the problems of obtaining the testimony of a minor during the pre-trial investigation according to the laws of Ukraine. It is noted that the method of obtaining testimony should be based on the age and procedural status of the minor, which requires a special approach considering the vulnerable state, social immaturity, and the risk of violation of the rights and freedoms of such persons. The study used general scientific methods to determine certain legal categories that characterize the interrogation procedure of a minor, as well as special methods. The practice of introducing «green rooms» in the field of criminal justice is recognized as promising, as the child’s environment during relevant procedural actions is extremely important for establishing contact with the child. It is concluded that the lack of desirability of classifying a minor suspect as a subject for questioning in court during a pre-trial investigation is justified, as it would be contrary to the requirements of the law on the immediacy of the examination of evidence in court.
- ДокументКримінальне право України. Загальна частина(Одеса: ОДУВС, 2021) Конопельський, Віктор Ярославович; Konopelskyi, Viktor; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4068-3902; Меркулова, Валентина Олександрівна; Merkulova, Valentyna; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-8861; Бабенко, Андрій Миколайович; Babenko, Andrii; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9498-2484; Будяченко, Ольга Миколаївна; Budiachenko, Olha; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-1918; Воронцов, Андрій Володимирович; Vorontsov, Andrii; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4319-6192; Кулик, Людмила Миколаївна; Kulyk, Liudmyla; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1094-1886; Плужнік, Олена Іванівна; Pluzhnik, Olena; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3223-2194; Резніченко, Ганна Семенівна; Reznichenko, Hanna; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6386-4154; Собко, Ганна Миколаївна; Sobko, Hanna; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5938-3400; Чекмарьова, Ірина Миколаївна; Chekmarova, Iryna; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3167-2144; Щирська, Вікторія Сергіївна; Shchyrska, Viktoriia; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5422-7380Підручник «Кримінальне право України. Загальна частина» підготовлений науково-педагогічним складом кафедри кримінального права та кримінології факультету підготовки фахівців для органів досудового розслідування Одеського державного університету внутрішніх прав. У книзі в короткій і доступній формі розглядаються основні питання загальної теорії кримінального права, що включають базові кримінально-правові поняття й інститути: закон про кримінальну відповідальність, кримінальне правопорушення, склад кримінального правопорушення і його види, співучасть у кримінальному правопорушенні, покарання, звільнення від кримінальної відповідальності і покарання та ін. Підручник написаний на основі Кримінального кодексу України з останніми змінами та доповненнями, з врахуванням положень Закону України «Про внесення змін до деяких законодавчих актів України щодо спрощення досудового розслідування окремих категорій кримінальних правопорушень» № 2617-VIII від 22 листопада 2018 р., з використанням постанов Пленуму Верховного Суду України. Підручник призначений для здобувачів вищої освіти всіх рівнів, викладачів закладів вищої юридичної освіти, практичних працівників, а також всіх, хто цікавиться питаннями кримінального права. Textbook “Criminal Law of Ukraine. General part” was prepared by the scientific and pedagogical staff of the department of criminal law and criminology of the faculty for training specialists of pre-trial investigation bodies of the Odessa State University of Internal Rights. The book deals in a concise and accessible form with the main issues of the general theory of criminal law, including basic criminal law concepts and institutions: the law on criminal liability, a criminal offense, the composition of a criminal offense and its types, complicity in a criminal offense, punishment, exemption from criminal liability and punishment, etc. The textbook was written on the basis of the Criminal Code of Ukraine with the latest amendments and additions, taking into account the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Simplification of Pre-trial Investigation of Certain Categories of Criminal Offenses" No. 2617-VIII dated November 22, 2018, using resolutions Plenum of the Supreme Court of Ukraine. The textbook is intended for applicants for higher education at all levels, teachers of institutions of higher legal education, practitioners, as well as all those interested in criminal law.